Gestalt

Gestalt is the theory that proposes that the brain's operational principle is holistic with self organizing tendencies. The whole is different then the sum of the parts. We have form-forming capabilities in our senses that recognizes first firgures and whole forms rather then individual parts that make up the entire visual.


Emergence : This picture is of a dalmatian sniffing the ground under the shade of a tree. The dog is not immediately recognized by individual parts but is uncovered as a whole.





Reification: The visual of shapes based on the negative space by which they are formed.





Multistability: The presence of 2 or more images in one shape or form. Both may not always be visible at the same time.


Invariance: When an object is changed in some way either by rotating, twisting, or morphing is but it's still recognized as the same shape.






Prägnanz

Law of closure: seeing a closed object based on just enough information

Law of similarity: the minds grouping of elements into collective totalities based on relationships like color, size, and form

Law of proximity: grouping of images based on spatial or temporal proximity

Law of symmetry: objects are perceived collectively based on symmetry

Law of continuity: continence of any pattern in the mind

Law of common fate: grouping of elements based on their direction of movement